Universal Design for Learning: Framework Overview
When discussing Universal Design for Learning (UDL), it is equally important to highlight what it is not, as well as the components of the framework itself. UDL is not just another term for accessibility; it is a broader framework grounded in a research-based understanding of how humans learn. This brief overview shows how UDL is built on flexibility and inclusivity, recognizing the diversity among learners and striving to eliminate barriers to learning by fostering engagement, accessibility, and inclusion.
The Three Core Principles of UDL
The UDL framework stands on three primary principles, each linked to a different neural network involved in learning.
Multiple Means of Engagement
The first principle addresses the affective network of the brain, which relates to motivation and engagement. UDL encourages educators to use a variety of methods to stimulate learners’ interests, promote persistence, and support the development of self-regulation and intrinsic motivation. This might involve personal goal setting, offering choices in assignments, and supporting community and collaboration.
Multiple Means of Representation
The second principle relates to how learners acquire and process information. UDL emphasizes the importance of presenting content in a variety of formats to ensure accessibility for all learners, as well as increasing brain activity and neural activation across different brain regions. For instance, teachers might use text, audio, visuals, interactive media, or hands-on experiences, and provide supports like graphic organizers, captioning, or translations as needed.
Multiple Means of Action and Expression
The third principle focuses on the ways learners demonstrate what they know. UDL suggests offering learners multiple avenues for expression, such as writing, speaking, drawing, performing, or creating digital portfolios. Allowing students various avenues for expression will enable them to make learning the content their own and meaningful to them. This principle also involves supporting executive functions, including goal setting, planning, monitoring progress, and seeking constructive feedback.
You can read more about Universal Design for Learning on the Center for Applied Special Technology UDL website.